Seeds - Great Mullein

For successful seedlings,
see the growing notes at the bottom of the page!

Great mullein (Verbascum thapsus) is a biennial plant, both ornamental and medicinal, known for its robustness and impressive size. In its first year, it forms a dense rosette of large, velvety, felted leaves, grey-green in colour, arranged in a crown at ground level. In the second year, it develops a tall flower stalk that can reach up to 2 metres in height, adorned with yellow flowers along the stem. This single stalk produces a large quantity of seeds before dying, ensuring the plant’s regeneration. Great mullein attracts a variety of pollinators, including bees and butterflies, and serves as a food source for birds that enjoy its seeds. However, the seeds are toxic to humans and should not be consumed.

Medicinal and Culinary Uses
Great mullein has several well-documented medicinal uses. The leaves and flowers of the plant are soothing, emollient, expectorant, and mildly sedative. As herbal infusions, they are commonly used to ease respiratory ailments such as coughs, bronchitis, and mucous membrane inflammations. Mullein is also known for its anti-inflammatory and antispasmodic properties, making it a natural remedy for relieving asthma and throat irritations. Caution: while the leaves and flowers are safe for medicinal use, great mullein seeds are toxic to humans and should be avoided.

Ecological Roles
Great mullein plays an important role in local ecosystems by attracting a wide range of pollinators, such as bees, butterflies, and other insects. Its seeds also provide a food source for birds, helping them survive during lean times. Due to its majestic presence and ability to produce large quantities of seeds, great mullein is an excellent choice for naturalized gardens and ecological landscapes, supporting biodiversity while adding a unique visual element.

WARNING: While the leaves and flowers are used for medicinal infusions, the seeds are toxic to humans.

Great mullein seeds require cold stratification to ensure germination. See the cultivation notes below for more details.

Akène cannot assume any responsibility for the use of plants for therapeutic purposes. Always seek advice from a professional before using a medicinal or edible plant.