Seeds - Speckled Alder

For successful seedlings,
see the growing notes at the bottom of the page!

Speckled alder (Alnus incana subsp. rugosa) , also known as hazel alder and tag alder, is a native shrub of wet habitats, generally reaching 2 to 7 metres in height, and widely used for ecological stabilization of riverbanks and riparian buffers. It adapts exceptionally well to shorelines, unstable slopes and difficult-to-vegetate areas, where it spreads rapidly to form colonies known as alder thickets. Its roots naturally fix atmospheric nitrogen, enriching the soil and supporting the establishment of other native species. It grows in bogs, marshes and saturated organic soils in full sun or partial shade. Its dark green oval leaves turn yellow in fall. In early spring, before full leaf emergence, it produces dangling catkins followed by small woody cone-like fruits that persist late into the season.

Furthermore, alders (Alnus spp.) are recognized as keystone plants for biodiversity in many North American ecoregions, as they support a wide variety of insects and birds that rely on their leaves, seeds, and the habitats they create.

Medicinal and culinary uses
The inner bark has traditionally been used in decoction for its astringent and anti-inflammatory properties, particularly to relieve sore throats, mouth irritations and certain digestive issues. Young branches have also been used in infusion to support respiratory health in cases of congestion or irritation.

Ecological roles
Speckled alder plays a vital role in wetland regeneration. Its nitrogen-fixing roots enrich the soil and facilitate the establishment of other native species. It effectively stabilizes shorelines, reduces erosion and provides nesting and refuge habitat for birds, pollinators and small mammals. Its early-season catkins supply pollen at a time when floral resources are still scarce.

Speckled alder seeds require scarification and cold stratification to ensure germination. See the growing notes below for more details.

Akène cannot assume any responsibility for the use of plants for therapeutic purposes. Always seek advice from a professional before using a medicinal or edible plant.